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GenoBridge streamlines plant trait prediction with a simplified genomic analysis pipeline

The rapid increase in the availability of genomic data has transformed plant breeding by enabling the prediction of complex traits directly from DNA markers. Genomic prediction provides a means to accelerate selection decisions, reduce phenotyping costs and shorten breeding cycles. Despite its promise, the practical implementation of genomic prediction remains challenging because prediction accuracy varies across datasets, populations and traits. Researchers must often evaluate multiple statistical and machine-learning approaches to identify the most suitable model, requiring substantial expertise and computational effort.

via Phys.org
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SPINE: A machine-learning program is on the trail of ghost particles

Neutrinos are among the most abundant particles in the universe, but they are also among the most elusive. Nearly massless, they are produced by nuclear reactions in the sun, exploding stars, particle accelerators and even the decay of radioactive elements on Earth. They interact so weakly with ordinary matter that trillions pass through each person every second without leaving a trace. Studying these ghostly particles could help answer some of the biggest questions in physics, from the nature of dark matter to why matter exists at all.

via Phys.org
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Embrace lazy fall gardening to protect wildlife

As winter approaches, many of us start clearing leaves and tidying up our gardens. But these jobs can remove vital winter habitats for wildlife, particularly with increasingly volatile weather conditions.

via Phys.org
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Paleontologists reveal the hidden role of eye pigments in vertebrate evolution

Paleontologists at University College Cork have discovered that the evolution of fish is linked to the shape, location and abundance of tiny melanin-rich granules called melanosomes. These features survive in 300-million-year-old fossil fish, suggesting that melanosomes have played a key role in vertebrate evolution since the major fish groups evolved around 445 million years ago.

via Phys.org
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The secret to slower aging may be hiding in your gut

The secret to aging more slowly may be hiding in your gut. Scientists discovered that certain gut bacteria are strongly linked to how quickly the body ages, with microbial differences accounting for about 15% of the variation in biological aging rates. Some bacterial species were associated with slower aging, while others were linked to accelerated aging.

via ScienceDaily
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Low testosterone may make sugar far more harmful to your liver

Scientists have discovered that low testosterone and a high-fructose diet can work together to worsen fatty liver disease in mice. Unexpectedly, changes in gut bacteria appear to drive this harmful interaction, revealing a potential new target for preventing liver damage.

via ScienceDaily
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Common drugs may help dangerous viruses spread through the body

A surprising discovery reveals that widely used anti-inflammatory drugs may unintentionally help dangerous viruses spread through the body. Scientists found that JAK inhibitors, prescribed for rheumatoid arthritis and other inflammatory diseases, can weaken a crucial immune defense against influenza, COVID-19, and other infections. By suppressing genes that normally fight viruses, these medications may leave patients more vulnerable to infection.

via ScienceDaily
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James Webb discovers a scorching lava planet with a “giant sunscreen”

A scorching lava planet 280 light-years away has surprised astronomers by apparently maintaining a thick atmosphere despite conditions that should have stripped it away billions of years ago. James Webb Space Telescope observations suggest that TOI-561 b reflects about 75% of incoming starlight, possibly because of mineral clouds that act like a giant sunscreen. The planet may also be continually replenishing its atmosphere through gases released from a global ocean of molten rock.

via ScienceDaily
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Smithsonian scientists just recreated the first 2 billion years of the Universe

Scientists have created one of the largest and most detailed simulations of the early universe ever made, offering an extraordinary new glimpse into the cosmos shortly after the Big Bang. Called Lumina, the groundbreaking simulation recreates the universe’s first 2 billion years, showing how dark matter, gas, and radiation interacted to give rise to the earliest stars, galaxies, and black holes.

via ScienceDaily